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Normalizing |
Normalizing is the process of raising the temperature
to over 60 º C (108 ºF), above line A3 or line ACM fully
into the Austenite range. It is held at this temperature to fully
convert the structure into Austenite, and then removed form the heating
zone and cooled at room temperature under natural convection. This
results in a grain structure of fine Pearlite with excess of Ferrite
or Cementite. The resulting material is soft; the degree of softness
depends on the actual ambient conditions of cooling. This process
is considerably cheaper than full annealing since there is not the
added cost of controlled cooling.
The main difference between full annealing and normalizing is that
fully annealed parts are uniform in softness (and machine ability)
throughout the entire part; since the entire part is exposed to the
controlled furnace cooling. In the case of the normalized part, depending
on the part geometry, the cooling is non-uniform resulting in non-uniform
material properties across the part. This may not be desirable if
further machining is desired, since it makes the machining job somewhat
unpredictable. In such a case it is better to do full annealing.
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Industrial Normalizing Services, Normalizing procedures from India
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